Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) require a DC forward bias current to output light. The characteristics of an LED is such that there is a operating region where the
In this post, we are going to study three important tools for the analysis of electromagnetic fields: the gradient, divergence and curl. We will see a clear definition
Introduction Microcontrollers are often required to generate timed output nanoseconds pulses. The pulse width of the pulses that can be generated from a microcontroller is limited by its
A metallic case, a removable battery, double back camera, one of the most powerful processors of the market and, moreover: it’s the first modular phone! More specifically,
Introduction This circuit presented in this post, an APD bias circuit, generates a low-noise bias voltage for avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The circuit employs a low-noise fixed-frequency PWM DC-DC
The following image shows the different wave components (incidence, reflection and transmission) that we are going to study in this post: Reflection and Transmission Coefficients The reflection coefficient from
Introduction RC522 are cheap RFID modules that can be used to read and write data on Mifare tags. The microcontroller and the module uses SPI for communication. The
Introduction This post talks about how to implement an Arduino wireless communication system using two HC-05 modules. These modules were introduced in Arduino Bluetooth Interface and they can be configured
This post is the continuation of our Ultimate Guide to learn the Maxwell’s equations where you learnt these equations in the vacuum. Now we will explain the modifications
